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1.
Biol. Res ; 46(4): 421-429, 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-700404

ABSTRACT

Among the osteogenic growth factors used for bone tissue engineering, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the most extensively studied for use in orthopaedic surgery. BMP-2 and BMP-7 have been widely investigated for developing therapeutic strategies and are the only two approved for use in several clinical applications. Due to the chemical and biological characteristics of these molecules, their authorised uses are always in combination with a carrier based on collagen type I. Although the use of these growth factors is considered safe in the short term, the very high doses needed to obtain significant osteoinduction make these treatments expensive and their long-term safety uncertain, since they are highly pleiotropic and have the capacity to induce ectopic ossification in the surrounding tissues. Therefore it is necessary to improve the currently used BMP-collagen system in terms of efficiency, biosecurity and costs. There are several strategies to increase the clinical effectiveness of these treatments. In this review we summarize the most promising results and our related work focused on this field through two different approaches: i) the development of recombinant BMPs with additional features, and ii) complementing these systems with other growth factors or molecules to enhance or accelerate osteogenesis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Collagen/physiology , Osteogenesis/physiology , Tissue Engineering , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(4): 1422-1433, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-670158

ABSTRACT

La Piel y sus estructuras asociadas permiten a los seres vivos subsistir en los diferentes ambientes ecológicos. El desarrollo de la piel y sus anexos en diferentes especies repite patrones comunes. De suma importancia es la interacción epitelio-mesénquima como regulador inicial de este desarrollo. El evento crucial en la formación de anexos, es la aparición de una placoda ectodérmica, a la cual se le asocia una condensación de células dérmicas, expresándose proteínas como Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) y la proteína morfogenética del hueso (BMP) para luego dar forma al anexo de cada especie. En esta revisión describiremos las etapas sucesivas que transcurren en la formación de la dermis, epidermis y anexos, con énfasis en las proteínas que dirigen el proceso.


Skin and associated structures allow animals to survive in different ecological environments. The development of skin and appendages in different species has common patterns repeated. Of utmost importance is the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction as the initial controller development. The crucial event in the formation of appendages is the appearance of an ectodermal placode, which is associated with a condensation of dermal cells, expressing BMP and Sonic Hedgehog proteins and then give the way to each species appendages. In this review we describe the successive stages that take place in the formation of the dermis, epidermis and appendages, with emphasis on proteins that direct the process.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Skin/growth & development , Vertebrates/anatomy & histology , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Dermis/growth & development , Epidermis/growth & development , Hedgehog Proteins/physiology
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 38(10): 1463-1473, Oct. 2005. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-409280

ABSTRACT

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the transforming growth factor ß superfamily. Family members are expressed during limb development, endochondral ossification, early fracture, and cartilage repair. The activity of BMPs was first identified in the 1960s but the proteins responsible for bone induction were unknown until the purification and cloning of human BMPs in the 1980s. To date, about 15 BMP family members have been identified and characterized. The signal triggered by BMPs is transduced through serine/threonine kinase receptors, type I and II subtypes. Three type I receptors have been shown to bind BMP ligands, namely: type IA and IB BMP receptors and type IA activin receptors. BMPs seem to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis, but their hallmark is their ability to induce bone, cartilage, ligament, and tendon formation at both heterotopic and orthotopic sites. This suggests that, in the future, they may play a major role in the treatment of bone diseases. Several animal studies have illustrated the potential of BMPs to enhance spinal fusion, repair critical-size defects, accelerate union, and heal articular cartilage lesions. Difficulties in producing and purifying BMPs from bone tissue have prompted the attempts made by several laboratories, including ours, to express these proteins in the recombinant form in heterologous systems. This review focuses on BMP structure, molecular mechanisms of action and significance and potential applications in medical, dental and veterinary practice for the treatment of cartilage and bone-related diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Protein Conformation , Bone Diseases/therapy , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/chemistry , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/therapeutic use , Clinical Trials as Topic , Cartilage Diseases/therapy , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Signal Transduction/genetics , Signal Transduction/physiology
5.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 91(4): 343-350, ago.-sept. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-351839

ABSTRACT

A pesar del progreso logrado en el campo de la biología pulpar, la técnica y la filosofía sobre el recubrimiento pulpar ha generado inmensas controversias. Los clínicos conocen bien los éxitos logrados cuando se trabaja sobre el conducto radicular, pero no están muy convencidos de los éxitos de los recubrimientos pulpares durante actos de operatoria dental. Investigaciones recientes han demostrado que exposiciones pulpares pueden curar mediante la formación de dentina adicional y así separar la pulpa del medio externo. Es sabido, hoy en día, que el pronóstico de un recubrimiento pulpar es un tema a tratar en la operatoria dental. Los elementos que pueden producir un recubrimiento pulpar satisfactorio son discutivos en conjutno con los llamados factores de crecimiento. El propósito de crear nueva dentina es primariamente motivado por la necesidad clínica de restaurar este tejido mineralizado. La dentina rodea y protege el centro vital de la pieza dentaria que reside en la pulpa dental. Este tejido se encuentra mineralizado en un 80 por ciento y provee, en combinación con el esmalte, la mayor estructura del total de la masa dentaria. Al igual que el esmalte, la dentina es un tejido avascular pero, a diferencia de este, las células que sintetiza la dentina (los odontoblastos) pueden permanecer vitales a través de la vida adulta y volver a generar dentina adicional. Recientes investigaciones han sugerido que si los odontoblastos ubicados en la matriz preodontoblástica se pierden, es posible inducir la diferenciación de nuevas células odontoblásticas formadoras del complejo dentinopulpar utilizando las denominadas proteínas morfogenéticas. Desarrollos satisfactorios de procesos de ingeniería molecular que puedan regenerar dentina pueden tener aplicaciones clínicas como un agente para recubrimiento pulpar potenciado como desensibilizante, debido al sellado de los túbulos dentinarios


Subject(s)
Dentistry, Operative , Growth Substances , Edetic Acid/chemistry , Amelogenesis , Dental Pulp Capping , Dentin , Dentin, Secondary , Dentinogenesis , Calcium Hydroxide/chemistry , Odontoblasts , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Tooth Remineralization , Transforming Growth Factor alpha , Transforming Growth Factor beta , Transforming Growth Factors
6.
Rev. Fundac. Juan Jose Carraro ; 7(16): 33-38, oct. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, BNUY-Odon | ID: lil-322915

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio es que el lector se familiarice con la biología ósea y con los aportes que ha realizado la ciencia en cuanto a regeneración ósea a partir de componentes orgánicos del propio paciente como los factores de señalización. Hoy en día, a partir de biología molecular y bioingeniería se obtienen factores de crecimiento a través de recombinaciones del DNA con el fin de generar órdenes de inducción en mecanismos biológicos óseos. La terapéutica con factores de crecimiento es una técnica específica para casos específicos


Subject(s)
Growth Substances , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Osteogenesis , Plasma , Somatomedins , Endothelial Growth Factors , Transforming Growth Factor beta , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Platelet Aggregation/physiology , Epidermal Growth Factor/physiology , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Bone Remodeling/physiology
7.
Rev. Soc. Odontol. La Plata ; 12(23): 6-14, jul. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258286

ABSTRACT

El control localizado de la masa ósea puede requerir la creación de nuevo hueso. La biotecnología nos permite acceder a moléculas que son determinantes en su generación. Aprender a emplear las formas recombinadas de estas moléculas puede permitirnos controlar clínicamente la cantidad de hueso disponible para mejorar la colocación de implantes en lugares con deficiencias óseas


Subject(s)
Growth Substances/therapeutic use , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Alveolar Bone Loss/therapy , Bone Marrow , Fibroblast Growth Factors/physiology , Dental Implantation/methods , Osteoblasts/physiology , Osteogenesis/physiology , Peptides/physiology , Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/physiology , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/physiology , Somatomedins/physiology , Transforming Growth Factor beta/physiology , Bone Transplantation/methods
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